Alex Burmester’s article on How do our brains reconstruct the visual world provides a short introduction of brain perception process. Selective processes, visual attention, and inattentional blindness are key to understand how our mind build an schematic version of the environment as images in our minds.
Taking a more conceptual – and from an opposite side – tackle into the problem is the paper by Till Mossakowski and Reinhard Moratz on Relations Between Spatial Calculi
About Directions and Orientations. They describe how relation algebras help us understand the transition from qualitative approaches of the environment to relative direction.
Linking the two is the effort to understand how we see. Our brain combines each eye receives a limited, partially colourless signals at the retina into a seemingly continuous 3D experience. Something that is very handy, to say the least.
This would not be possible if brains were not trained to continuously construct this environment. There is much to learn from this process about our subjective stance towards objects and our consciousness.