Nature of a Digital Coin? By Adam Davidson @ new yorker

What Is the Nature of a Digital Coin? Paris Hilton Might Know, but the S.E.C. Doesn’t

his week, the Securities and Exchange Commission made an odd, veiled threat, in the form of a short notice on its Web site, “Statement on Potentially Unlawful Promotion of Initial Coin Offerings and Other Investments by Celebrities and Others.” The commission didn’t use any names, but those in the know had little doubt: its warning was meant for Paris Hilton.Continue reading

The missing blockchain category – by Chris Huls

Summary: in long-term we need a hybrid neutral blockchain network operated by (semi-)public agencies to gain adoption, efficiency and also control for hundreds of blockchain applications

The future of payments. The end of all trusted intermediaries. A new world currency? The holy grail for … everything? Blockchain technology is booming and has been named as the most revolutionary technology since the Internet. The hype started in 2015, but is still continuing. Meaning the added value is difficult to commercialize, but also that the potential might reach beyond our dreams. This 3-year hype delivered us tens of usable blockchain platforms, hundreds of use cases and thousands of startups and corporates diving into the technology. Interestingly, as no real blockchain application is yet in production, except of course cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. The question is how the future will look like in which we have many sustainable blockchain applications. In my opinion we’ve done a great deal, but one major category of blockchain networks is missing.Continue reading

UK National risk assessment of money laundering and terrorist financing

key money laundering and terrorist financing risks for the UK

“…Digital currencies

5.7 …The vulnerabilities identified in the 2015 NRA were  largely around the anonymity and cross-border exposure of digital currencies, as well as the lack of interaction with the regulated sector…

5.8 The NCA has assessed the risk of digital currency use for money laundering to be relatively low; although NCA deems it likely that digital currencies are being used to launder low amounts at high volume, there is little evidence of them being used to launder large amounts of money.Continue reading

This Is the Reason Ethereum Exists – by Mike Orcutt

 The world’s second-most-valuable cryptocurrency is also its most interesting—but in order to understand it, you must first understand its origins.  

by Mike Orcutt

“(…) Bitcoin eventually took off, and soon people latched onto the idea that its blockchain could be used to do other things (…)  But its design, intended specifically for a currency, limited the range of applications it could support, and Bitcoin aficionados started brainstorming new approaches.

It was from this primordial soup that Ethereum emerged.

In a 2013 white paper, Vitalik Buterin, then just 19, laid out his plan for a blockchain system that could also facilitate all sorts of “decentralized applications.”

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The Internet of Money – Andreas M. Antonopoulos

The Internet of Money – a collection of talks by Andreas M. Antonopoulos” (two volumes)

“Book overview, volume one : While many books explain the how of bitcoin, The Internet of Money delves into the why of bitcoin. Acclaimed information-security expert and author of Mastering Bitcoin, Andreas M. Antonopoulos examines and contextualizes the significance of bitcoin through a series of essays spanning the exhilarating maturation of this technology.Continue reading

CRYPTO20 – Crypto Index Fund

CRYPTO20 is a tokenized crypto index fund.  Its  token trades listed as C20.

The ethereum based, ERC20 compliant smart contract allows for liquidation process.  Holders can redeem tokens for the Ether equivalent of the calculated NAV of the crypto assets held by the fund, less an 1% trading fee.

The Fund is ‘a hybrid portfolio trading with an index strategy that tracks the top 20 cryptocurrencies by market  capitalization. A maximum component weighting of 10% is utilized to prevent a single asset (and thus single source of risk) from dominating the portfolio. Rebalancing is performed weekly‘.

Marketcap or market-share debate aside, cap-ceiling at 10% may cause clearly distinct behaviour from what would be a no-cap portfolio distribution.

Andhra Pradesh, India, studies Blockchain​ ​Land​ ​Registry

“Visakhapatnam,​ ​India​ ​–​ ​10​ ​ ​October​ ​of​ ​2017​ ​–​ Disputed land ownership is frequently a cause of conflict in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The current system, where land and property records are centralized in government databases, is inherently vulnerable to improper or unauthorised manipulation. (…)  The government of Andhra Pradesh is exploring technologies like blockchain that can help solve these problems by decentralising data storage in such a way that it becomes difficult to manipulate without both having the proper authority, and following proper protocols.​ ​(…)  Henrik Hjelte, CEO of ChromaWay, presented this partnership at the Blockchain Business Conference in Visakhapatnam, India. Continue reading

IOTA White Paper

IOTA is a distributed ledger that rellies on spread validation of transactions instead of blocks.  Instead of having miners confirming blocks of transactions, each participant issuing a transaction must approve 2 past transactions.  Thus consensus is reached by destributed, active users.  This data structure, based on Directed Acyclic Graph forms the ledger dubbed “Tangle”.  As described in detail in Serguei Popov’s white paper.Continue reading

Ripple (XRP)

Ripple is a global payments network, RippleNet, based on Ripple Transaction Protocol.  XRP is the digital asset intended to be used as a cross-currency liquidity utility.

RippleNet proposes a distributed financial network for real-time messaging, clearing and settlement.   Continue reading

Bitcoin’s Academic Pedigree – by Narayanan & Clark

The concept of cryptocurrencies is built from forgotten ideas in research literature.

Arvind Narayanan and Jeremy Clark

“…not to diminish Nakamoto’s achievement but to point out that he stood on the shoulders of giants. Indeed, by tracing the origins of the ideas in bitcoin, we can zero in on Nakamoto’s true leap of insight—the specific, complex way in which the underlying components are put together. This helps explain why bitcoin took so long to be invented. Readers already familiar with how bitcoin works may gain a deeper understanding from this historical presentation.(…) Bitcoin’s intellectual history also serves as a case study demonstrating the relationships among academia, outside researchers, and practitioners, and offers lessons on how these groups can benefit from one another.

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Elliptic Curve Cryptography – By Jimmy Song

Blockchain 101 – Elliptic Curve Cryptography

By Jimmy Song, Principal Blockchain Architect

“…Finite fields are one thing and elliptic curves another. We can combine them by defining an elliptic curve over a finite field. All the equations for an elliptic curve work over a finite field. By “work”, we mean that we can do the same addition, subtraction, multiplication and division as defined in a particular finite field and all the equations stay true. If this sounds confusing, it is. Abstract algebra is abstract!Continue reading

Introduction to EOS by trogdor @ steemit

trogdor (63) in eos
  EOS is a consensus blockchain operating system that provides databases, account permissions, scheduling, authentication, and internet-application communication to massively improve the efficiency of smart business development that uses parallelization to make possible blockchain scalability to millions of users and millions of transactions per second.

(…)

In order to introduce EOS, we first need to understand the current state of blockchain tech, and how we got here. (…)

In 2013, the decentralized exchange Bitshares was built, and in 2014 Bitshares was launched. It used delegated proof-of-stake giving 3 second confirmation times with very predictable, reliable block production. The first version of Bitshares was built off of some of the same ideas as Bitcoin and shared some technology, but still didn’t meet the performance requirements of an exchange. In 2015 Graphene was created, and Bitshares was completely rewritten. This was able to achieve 100,000 transaction per second on a single machine, and decentralized global stress testing achieved 18,000 transactions per second on a distributed network. (…)

If you look at the blockchain industry, everyone wants to build smart businesses, decentralized organizations, etc…, and in the process developers built decentralized computers from the ground up which can run their smart apps. In this process, all app developers have to solve many of the same problems: account systems, recovery processes, multi-sig, manage challenges, and what they’re missing is the operating system, (…). EOS aims to provide this operating system to provide all the core functions to app developers and allow them to focus on just the business logic that makes their apps unique.

EOS provides an operating system and a decentralized computer to radically improve the efficiency of smart business development.
What do DAPPs require?

…”

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EOS White Paper

“EOS.IO Technical White Paper

The EOS.IO software introduces a new blockchain architecture designed to enable vertical and horizontal scaling of decentralized applications. This is achieved by creating an operating system-like construct upon which applications can be built. The software provides accounts, authentication, databases, asynchronous communication and the scheduling of applications across hundreds of CPU cores or clusters. The resulting technology is a blockchain architecture that scales to millions of transactions per second, eliminates user fees, and allows for quick and easy deployment of decentralized applications.Continue reading